Illumina
概要
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Genomic selection (GS) is a powerful tool for crop variety improvement. GS can predict the breeding values of individuals early in the breeding cycle to reduce the generation interval and thereby increase genetic gain per unit of time. Genomic Estimated Breeding Values (GEBVs) are used to make informed selections in breeding and select best performing parents for cross hybridization to generate genetic stocks with improved combination of beneficial alleles.

In this webinar, Dr. Kaur will describe recent advances in the integration of genomic predictions in pulse pre-breeding (chickpea) and breeding (lentil and field pea). Building on 10+ years of historical data in lentil and field pea breeding, genomic prediction equations for key breeding traits including yield, seed weight, size and protein content, and multiple abiotic and biotic stress tolerances have been derived with moderate to high prediction accuracies (0.3-0.8). Genomic estimated breeding values, selection indices and crossing schemes designed using optimal parental combinations have been delivered to breeders. Stochastic computer simulations investigating the benefit of GS optimization strategies for disease resistance, grain weight and yield in multiple environments with different levels of genotype-by-environment interactions have indicated increased genetic gain per unit of time compared to phenotypic selection.

More recently, GS has been applied in chickpea pre-breeding for increasing resistance to ascochyta blight (AB). Results indicate that the severity of ascochyta blight infection in chickpeas can be remarkably reduced by c. 28% per breeding cycle using genomic selection. A high impact of genomic prediction application in chickpea pre-breeding as well as lentil and field pea breeding programs is anticipated.

Dr. Sukhjiwan Kaur
Senior Research Scientist,
Agriculture Victoria Research, Australia

Dr. Kaur has been working as Senior Research Scientist at Agriculture Victoria Research (AVR) since 2006, leading pre-breeding research in legume crops. She obtained a MSc in Biochemistry from Punjab Agricultural University and PhD from The University of Melbourne. She has extensive experience in molecular genetics, genomics and plant breeding. Dr. Kaur has been involved in multiple research projects with national and international collaborations including the International Lentil and Faba bean Genome Sequencing Consortia. Her research focus is genomics-assisted plant breeding, plant and microbial molecular genetics and genomics ultimately leading to the development of molecular breeding tools for sustained food production systems using second and third generation sequencing and genotyping technologies.