Today, many populations of viruses still remain unidentified. Most viruses in skin are Human Papillomaviruses (HPV). Illumina next-generation sequencing technology has helped identify 229 previously unknown HPV types in skin of patients with squamous cell carcinoma and actinic keratosis. More than 99% of cervical cancers contain HPV16 genomes and express HPV16 transcripts. Not only has sequencing shown that HPV16 transcriptomes in cervical lesions are different from those observed in cell lines, but it has also helped characterize previously unknown HPV types. For more information on applications of Illumina technology in the field of Virus Research, please visit us at Illumina: Microbial Genomics http://www.illumina.com/applications/microbiology.ilmn Products: Nextera DNA Sample Prep kit: http://support.illumina.com/sequencing/sequencing_kits/nextera_dna_kit.html TruSeq DNA Sample Prep kit: http://support.illumina.com/sequencing/sequencing_kits/truseq_dna_ht_sample_prep_kit.html TruSeq RNA Sample Prep kit: http://support.illumina.com/sequencing/sequencing_kits/truseq_rna_sample_prep_kit.html MiSeq: http://systems.illumina.com/systems/miseq.ilmn HiSeq: http://systems.illumina.com/systems/hiseq_2500_1500.ilmn Publication Links: PMID: 25055967 | Bzhalava D., et al. (2014): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=25055967 PMID: 25092457 | Chen J., et al. (2014): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25092457 Publication Research Reviews: Virus Detection and Research: http://www.illumina.com/documents/products/research_reviews/viral_detection_research_review.pdf Metagenomics 2nd Edition: http://www.illumina.com/documents/products/research_reviews/metagenomics_research_review.pdf The Science Mondays (SciMon) series is brought to you by Illumina http://www.illumina.com/ Illumina hosts Swati Kadam, Ph.D., Scientific Liaison, Scientific Affairs and Jacques Retief, Associate Director Scientific Affairs deliver 7 minutes of scientific enlightenment on the latest discoveries.